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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 1: 1791-1797 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<sourceDesc>
<p>National Library of Wales, MS.
                        4811D.  Not previously published.</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
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<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
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<div n="245" type="letter">
<head>245. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#WynnCharlesWW">Charles Watkin
                        Williams Wynn</ref>, <date when="1797-08-09">9 August 1797</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: For/ C W Williams Wynn
                            Esq<hi rend="sup">r</hi>/ 5. Stone Buildings. Lincolns Inn/
                        London<lb/>Stamped: RINGWOOD<lb/>Postmarks: AU/ 10/ 97; FREE/ AU/ 10/
                        97<lb/> Endorsement: August 9/ 1797<lb/>MS: National Library of Wales, MS.
                        4811D<lb/>Unpublished.</note>
</head>
<p rend="indent1"> I am sorry you were not chaired. you would have been within reach
                    &amp; I would have gone some distance to have seen the inauguration.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I have only seen the former parts of the Pursuits of
                        Literature.<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">Thomas James Mathias
                        (1753/4–1835; <title level="m">DNB</title>), <title level="m">The Pursuits
                            of Literature, or What You Will. A Satirical Poem in Dialogue. With
                            Notes. Part the Second</title> (1796).</note> the author appeared to me
                    to have the malevolence of Gifford<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">The
                        satirist William Gifford (1756–1826; <title level="m">DNB</title>).</note>
                    without his wit. the lines on Darwin<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802; <title level="m">DNB</title>), satirised in
                        Thomas James Mathias, <title level="m">The Pursuits of Literature, or What
                            You Will. A Satirical Poem in Dialogue. With Notes. Part the
                            Second</title> (London, 1796), p. 7.</note> were however uncommonly
                    good. if he has wiped me with civility he will serve the book, &amp; the
                    advertisement makes amends for the censure.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I have now gone thro Blackstone<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">William Blackstone (1723–1780; <title level="m">DNB</title>),
                            <title level="m">Commentaries on the Laws of England</title>
                        (1765–1769).</note> often &amp; attentively, so repeatedly reperusing
                    the more important parts, that I think I know the book well. nor does farther
                    study of it now appear necessary or useful. <ref target="people.html#BedfordGrosvenorCharles">Bedford</ref> you see has given
                    up. he should have considered more before he began, but situated as he is, I
                    think him right in abandoning a study for which he has not time.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I have <del rend="strikethrough">got</del> learnt much military
                    knowledge from a history of Edward 3<hi rend="sup">rd</hi>. by old Joshua
                        Barnes,<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors"> Joshua Barnes (1654–1712;
                            <title level="m">DNB</title>), scholar, antiquary and author of <title level="m">The History of That Most Victorious Monarch Edward III</title>
                        (1688), which Southey used for the second edition of <title level="m">Joan
                            of Arc</title> (1798).</note> who, Bentley said, knew as much Greek as
                    an Athenian cobbler.<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">A bon-mot widely
                        attributed to the classical scholar Richard Bentley (1662–1742; <title level="m">DNB</title>).</note> did you ever see the book? it is a large
                    folio, so minute as almost to make me amends for the want of Froissard:<note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">Jean Froissart (c. 1337–c. 1410), <title level="m">Le Premier (-Quart) Volume De Messire Jehan Froissart Lequel
                            Traicte de Choses Vingts de Memoire Advenues Tant es Pays de France,
                            Angleterre, Flandres, Espaigne que Escoce, ets Aus Tres Lieux
                            Circonvoisins</title> (1530), was used by Southey for the second edition
                        of <title level="m">Joan of Arc</title> (1798).</note> &amp; I expect to
                    be very accurate in my costume, but if this merit be not pointed out by
                    explanatory notes it will be lost, for the Reviews did not discover my blunders
                    — witness the “bannerd lion”<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">Robert
                        Southey, <title level="m">Joan of Arc, An Epic Poem</title> (Bristol and
                        London, 1796), p. 11.</note> — &amp; the throwing the spear<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">Robert Southey, <title level="m">Joan of Arc, An
                            Epic Poem</title> (Bristol and London, 1796), p. 120.</note> in the 7<hi rend="sup">th</hi> book. with your permission when I return to London, I
                    will have the proof sheets sent up under cover to your Senatorship: which will
                    enable me to give it a last revisal, &amp; to insert notes from books to
                    which I cannot have access here.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> A man may read Hume<note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">David
                        Hume (1711–1776; <title level="m">DNB</title>), <title level="m">History of
                            England</title>, (1754–1762).</note> without knowing what sort of
                    animals his ancestors were. Was it not you that first read the English history
                    in Holinshed?<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">Raphael Holinshed (<hi rend="ital">c</hi>.1525–1580?; <title level="m">DNB</title>), <title level="m">Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland</title>
                        (1577).</note>
</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I have something to add about the battle of Azincour.<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">The English victory over the French at Agincourt
                        in 1415.</note> the importance of the event &amp; the brevity of the
                    book, when the machinery is cut off, requiring it. the battle of Patay,<note n="13" place="foot" resp="editors">A French victory over the English in
                        1429.</note> as the concluding action of the poem, <del rend="strikethrough">xx</del> must have more of the previous solemnity of <del rend="strikethrough">th</del> a pitched battle. I wish much to alter the
                    beginning on account of the miracle, but see no way of doing it. I cannot
                    discover what name has been improved into Glacidas: it is better than an English
                    name — but I should like the real one. Gladdisdale is Sir William Glansdale in
                        Shakespear.<note n="14" place="foot" resp="editors">A character in the first
                        part of <title level="m">Henry VI</title>.</note>
</p>
<p rend="indent1"> That blockhead Chapelain<note n="15" place="foot" resp="editors">Jean Chapelain (1595–1674), <title level="m">La Pucelle ou la France
                            Délivrée</title> (1756).</note> has no notes, nor did I find in him a
                    single <del rend="strikethrough">xxx</del> incident which I had not known
                    before. he has however set me <del rend="strikethrough">right</del> right in the
                    length of march from Chinon to Orleans. I wish I had seen that city. can you
                    tell me if the Loire be a wide stream there (as I take it to be) &amp; if
                    there are not islands in the river<del rend="strikethrough">s</del> there? there
                    were six great streets in it, that met in the middle; I find from Chapelain that
                    Rheims was built in the same manner, &amp; <del rend="strikethrough">conclude</del> &lt;conceive&gt; it to have been the customary way
                    of building towns.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> The Anglesey militia here have published rather an Irish reason
                    why all attempts upon their loyalty will be useless — because they do not
                    understand English. One of the Pagets<note n="16" place="foot" resp="editors">Unidentified, but possibly a male relative of Henry William Paget, 1st
                        Marquess of Anglesey (1768–1854; <title level="m">DNB</title>), soldier and
                        politician.</note> is their Major. he makes his servant carry a chair down
                    to the beach that he may sit down to undress &amp; dress when he bathes,
                    (the beach is a mile &amp; half from his house) &amp; he has the man to
                    wipe him. I would give one of my ears to know as much Welsh &amp; about
                    Anglesey as one of these soldiers. Are there any remains of the old palace of
                    Powys? I am taking Madoc to the court of Owain Cyveilioc.<note n="17" place="foot" resp="editors">The poet and Prince of Powys, Owain Cyveilioc
                        (c. 1130–c. 1197).</note>
</p>
<p rend="indent2"> God bless you.</p>
<closer>
<salute rend="indent3"> yrs affectionately</salute>
<signed rend="indent4"> Robert Southey.</signed>
</closer>
<postscript>
<p>
<date when="1797-08-09">Wednesday. August 9. 1797.</date>
</p>
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