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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 1: 1791-1797 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Neil Fraistat</name>
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</respStmt>
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<name>Laura Mandell</name>
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<date>2009-03-15</date>
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<idno type="nines">rce28</idno>
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<publisher>Romantic Circles, http://www.rc.umd.edu, University of Maryland</publisher>
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<date when="2009-02-20">March 15, 2009</date>
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<p>Bodleian Library, MS Eng. Lett. c. 22.  Previously 
                        published: Kenneth Curry (ed.), New Letters of Robert
                            Southey, 2 vols (London and New York, 1965), I, pp. 8–11;
                        Charles Cuthbert Southey (ed.), Life and Correspondence of Robert
                            Southey, 6 vols (London, 1849–1850), I, pp. 163–164 [in
                        part].</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
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<head>28. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#BedfordGrosvenorCharles">Grosvenor Charles Bedford</ref>, <date when="1792-10-21">21 October
                        1792</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: G C Bedford Esq<hi rend="sup">r</hi>/ Old Palace Yard/ Westminster/ Single
                        Sheet<lb/>Stamped: BRISTOL<lb/>Postmark: EOC/ 22/ 92<lb/>Watermark: Rampant
                        lion holding scimitar with another figure; monogrammed initial<lb/>Seal: Red
                        wax [design illegible]<lb/>Endorsement: 21. Octo<hi rend="sup">r</hi>
                        1792<lb/> MS: Bodleian Library, MS Eng. Lett. c. 22<lb/>Previously
                        published: Kenneth Curry (ed.), <title level="m">New Letters of Robert
                            Southey</title>, 2 vols (London and New York, 1965), I, pp. 8–11;
                        Charles Cuthbert Southey (ed.), <title level="a">Life and Correspondence of Robert
                            Southey</title>, 6 vols (London, 1849–1850), I, pp. 163–164 [in
                        part].</note>
</head>
<opener>
<dateline rend="right">
<address>
<placeName>Bristol.</placeName>
</address>
<date when="1792-10-21">Sunday. 21. Octo<hi rend="sup">r</hi> 1792.</date>
</dateline>
<salute>Dear Bedford</salute>
</opener>
<p rend="indent1"> Since my last I have been continually journying backwards
                    &amp; forwards upon business which would not allow me to fix sufficient
                    attention upon any thing else. it is now over — I have time to look about
                    &amp; I hope with fairer prospects for the future. one of my journeys was to
                        <ref target="people.html#SoutheyJohn">my fathers brother</ref> at Taunton to
                    request him to assist <ref target="people.html#SoutheyRobertSnr">my father</ref>
                    &amp; enable him to recover that situation whence the treachery of his
                    relations &amp; injustice of his friends had thrown him. I had never seen
                    this uncle &amp; you may easily conceive how unpleasant so humiliating an
                    errand must prove to so proud a spirit. he was absent I left a letter &amp;
                    two days ago received an answer &amp; refusal. fortunately <ref target="people.html#TylerElizabeth">my Aunt</ref> had prevented the
                    necessity but her goodness does not extenuate his unnatural parsimony. he is
                    single &amp; possessed of property to the amount of 100,000 pounds without a
                    child to provide for. that part of his fortune which he inherited must one day
                    be mine — it will I hope enable me to despise the world &amp; feel myself
                    independant.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I expect <ref target="people.html#LambThomasDavis">Lamb</ref>
                    every minute &amp; have expected him since Thursday. I need not say I shall
                    be glad to see him as there are very few persons whose presence can give me so
                    much pleasure — I shall certainly detain him as long as possible &amp; when
                    he departs set off to enter at <ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Baliol</ref>. it wants not long to Xmas &amp; these occupations will
                    shorten the time till I proceed to London on my way to <ref target="places.html#MountsfieldRye">Rye</ref>. Your good friend the <ref target="people.html#VincentWilliam">Reverend Doctor Vincent</ref> may
                    perhaps visit his friends at Rye — our meeting would be curious — worse I am
                    sure for him than me — I should only feel indignant. that man may probably one
                    day be stiled the Right Reverend Father in God<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">That is, be made a Bishop.</note> — unlike other titles this
                    conveys some meaning. it conveys the idea of humility of charity of piety of
                    Christianity — I cannot help fancying to myself the Doctor entering his allotted
                    habitation in a more equitable world &amp; the gentleman usher introducing
                    him as a Right Reverend Father in God — &amp; as one deputed to instruct the
                    rising generation by his learning &amp; edify them by his example — he
                    &amp; I may perhaps appear upon a more awful trial than that for a libel
                    &amp; instead of Ignoramus he may chance to hear “depart from me I know thee
                        not”.<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">An adaptation of <title level="m">Matthew</title> 25: 12.</note>
</p>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent2">Look here thou hypocrite with studied face</l>
<l rend="indent2">Thou who attendest regular at church</l>
<l rend="indent2">Bring’st home the text but heedest not the comment</l>
<l rend="indent2">To this we all must come — the viel at length</l>
<l rend="indent2">Must be undrawn &amp; all beneath exposed.</l>
<l rend="indent2">The sable gown, the wisdom of the wig</l>
<l rend="indent2">The sapient proverb &amp; the lengthend prayer</l>
<l rend="indent2">Avail not then. the sevenfold shield of power</l>
<l rend="indent2">Weak, useless when Conviction strikes at once</l>
<l rend="indent2">The mouldering barrier — Conscience shrinks within</l>
<l rend="indent2">And Life &amp; Pride &amp; Falshood are no more<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">Look here … no more: Verse in double
                            columns.</note>
</l>
</lg>
<p>This <ref target="people.html#VincentWilliam">Doctors</ref> liberality &amp;
                    generosity will obtrude upon me. I feel myself in his debt &amp; even your
                    splendide mendax will hardly tempt me to remain quietly so. I certainly could
                    worry him incessantly &amp; that knavish virtue Prudence is all that
                    prevents me — may he be made a Bishop &amp; Reformation take place in the
                    church — what can I wish more mortifying for him?</p>
<p rend="indent1"> have you seen any of our <hi rend="ital">Whitehall friends</hi>
                    since? have you called ever upon M<hi rend="sup">r</hi> Clarke?<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">Charles Clarke (fl. 1781–1802), London
                        printer.</note> I should like to keep up an acquaintance with this last as
                    he has been very civil &amp; as I hope we shall one day employ him with more
                    success.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I am almost tempted to reply to your “let the troops led by
                    Brunswick &amp;c but you shall probably know my sentiments in a flaming ode
                    to the spirit of Milton.<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">If Southey wrote
                        an ode to John Milton (1608–1674; <title level="m">DNB</title>), it has not
                        survived.</note> I can pity Louis <hi rend="ital">the last</hi>
<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">Louis XVI (1754–1793; reigned
                        1774–1792).</note> as one who is unfortunate — the man deserves not pity —
                    the King less — the abject prisoner certainly claims it. perhaps they may
                    canonize him alamode Charles 1st <note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">Charles
                        I (1600–1649; reigned 1625–1649; <title level="m">DNB</title>) was declared
                        a martyr and added to the Anglican list of saints by Parliament in
                        1660.</note> I hope not. I think not. now I am upon the republic system I
                    must tell you that Bristol seems preparing for it. a pamphlet<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title level="m">The Reply of the Delegates of
                            the Several Parishes, and of the Castle-Precincts, in the City of
                            Bristol, to the Report of the Committee of the Mayor, Aldermen, and
                            Common Council, in Answer to the Objections Delivered by the Delegates
                            on the 4th of August, 1792</title> (1792).</note> proposes the abolition
                    of the corporation as unconstitutional &amp; arbitrary &amp; hints the
                    same to all other corporate towns it is very well written — these little attacks
                    &lt;upon the outworks&gt; sap the foundations of the citadel. if France
                    models a republic &amp; enjoys tranquillity who knows but Europe may become
                    one great republic &amp; Man be free of the whole?<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">Thomas Paine (1737–1809; <title level="m">DNB</title>),
                            <title level="m">The Rights of Man. Part the Second</title> (London,
                        1792), p. 77.</note> you see I use Paines words. but politics must not make
                    us quarrel. you know the fable of the oak &amp; the reed. I have been the
                    oak &amp; was pulled up by the roots &amp; cast up. let me try to be the
                    reed.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> some poems have been lately printed here by the Rev<hi rend="sup">d</hi>. E Holder<note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">Henry Evans Holder
                        (dates unknown). Born in Barbados, he settled in Bristol, where he was a
                        prominent defender of the slave-trade. Copies of Holder’s book do not seem
                        to have survived, but it was described in David Rivers, <title level="m">Literary Memoirs of Living Authors of Great Britain</title>, 2 vols
                        (London, 1798), I, p. 270, as comprising ‘miscellaneous Poems, composed from
                        the age of seventeen to twenty’.</note> written between the age of 17
                    &amp; 20. I only mention them as he happens to have translated two pieces
                    one which you sent me &amp; the other I think you have seen translated by
                    your humble servant &amp; an original by <ref target="people.html#BunburyCharlesJohn">Bunbury</ref> &amp; another of
                    your own. Integer vitæ etc<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">Horace (65–8
                        BC), <title level="m">Odes</title>, Book 1, no. 22.</note> is the one. Gray
                    on the grande Chartreuse<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">Thomas Gray
                        (1716–1771; <title level="m">DNB</title>), ‘O Tu Severi Religio Loci’
                        (1741).</note> the other. &amp; seriously the printed ones are the worst
                    of all I will be obliged to you if you will send me your ode upon the grande Ch.
                    as I have it not &amp; if you wish it you shall have my translation in
                    return or whatever else you may chuse to demand</p>
<p rend="indent1"> “I promise to pay to <ref target="people.html#BedfordGrosvenorCharles">C G Bedford</ref> any ode
                    sonnet legendary tale satire or poem of any description which he may demand.
                    value received.</p>
<p rend="indent8"> Robert Southey.</p>
<p>this promissory note you know will not hold good till you have accepted it </p>
<p rend="indent1"> to return to Holder. he has translated both in the stanza of my
                    toasted cheese<note n="13" place="foot" resp="editors">Southey is referring to
                        his poem ‘Patience &amp; Toasted Cheese’, sent to Grosvenor Charles
                        Bedford in [c. September 1792] (see Letter 23).</note> which naturally
                    renders it too diffuse. they were lent me &amp; are returned otherwise I
                    would copy both for you to show you your superiority.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> you promised me long ago eheu fugaces Posthume Posthume?<note n="14" place="foot" resp="editors">Horace, <title level="m">Odes</title>,
                        Book 2, no. 14, line 1. The Latin translates as ‘Alas [the years slide by]
                        so fleetingly’.</note> have you yet finished the Penns parchments?<note n="15" place="foot" resp="editors">Probably a reference to a work by
                        Grosvenor Charles Bedford which has not survived.</note> if you have I shall
                    have some hopes of hearing from you soon. that beast <ref target="people.html#WynnCharlesWW">Pardulph</ref> has not wrote to me these
                    last three months — tis true he wrote last but sent me no direction. I know he
                    is now at Oxford but am almost too angry to write to him. at least he lies in
                    bed all day scratching himself. you know where he itches.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> there is only one motive which makes me regret my rejection at
                    Christ Church. at <ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Baliol</ref> I have no
                    acquaintance &amp; I conceive the different Colleges much like different
                    boarding houses. I am much mistaken if their Wisdoms will not one day repent.
                    there is more joy over one sinner that repenteth than over ninety &amp; nine
                    just persons. I was no sinner neither do I repent — but they may (&amp;
                    will) have ninety nine from Westminster without finding one Gualbertus<note n="16" place="foot" resp="editors">John Gualbert (c. 995–1073), founder of
                        the Vallombrosian order. The pseudonym ‘Gualbertus’ was used by Southey for
                        his controversial attack on flogging as an invention of the devil in the
                        fifth issue of <title level="m">The Flagellant</title> (29 March
                        1792).</note> amongst them. vain I own but all is vanity &amp; I only
                    differ from others in avowing mine without palliation.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I am ashamed of my neglect to <ref target="people.html#CollinsCharles">Collins</ref> but as I hope for
                    forgiveness I will deserve him &amp; send him a very penitentiary epistle.
                    ask him from me what he thinks of France now? when he wrote last he shook his
                    head &amp; turned up his eyes upon the subject — with a hum &amp; ha
                    like a wise man who is doubtful of the event &amp; wishes to be thought in
                    the secret.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> you see I intended to fill up the sheet but the servant waits to
                    take this &amp; it will rain soon so believe me yours sincerely</p>
<closer>
<signed rend="indent11">R Southey.</signed>
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