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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 1: 1791-1797 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Neil Fraistat</name>
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<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Steven E. Jones</name>
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<resp>General Editor, </resp>
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<date when="2009-02-20">March 15, 2009</date>
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<sourceDesc>
<p>Houghton
                        Library, bMS Eng 265.1 (2).  Not previously published.</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
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<div n="83" type="letter">
<head>83. Robert Southey and <ref target="people.html#WynnCharlesWW">Charles Watkin
                        Williams Wynn</ref> to <ref target="people.html#BedfordGrosvenorCharles">Grosvenor Charles Bedford</ref>, <date when="1794-03-23">23 March
                        [1794]</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: Grosvenor Charles
                        Bedford Esq<hi rend="sup">r</hi>/ Old Palace Yard/ Westminster/
                        Single<lb/>Stamped: OXFORD<lb/>Postmark: AMA/ 24/ 94<lb/>MS: Houghton
                        Library, bMS Eng 265.1 (2)<lb/>Unpublished.</note>
</head>
<lb/>
<epigraph>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent2">Per varios casus per tot discrimina rerum — <note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">Virgil (70–19 BC), <title level="m">Aeneid,</title> Book 1, line 204. The Latin translates as
                                ‘through so many sorts of disaster and so many crises’.</note>
</l>
<l rend="indent2">In plain prose my dear <ref target="people.html#BedfordGrosvenorCharles">Grosvenor</ref> you
                            shortly shall hear em.</l>
</lg>
</epigraph>
<lb/>
<opener>
<dateline rend="indent1">
<date when="1794-03-23">Sunday morning. March 23<hi rend="sup">rd</hi>.</date>
<address>
<placeName>
<ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Balliol College.</ref>
</placeName>
</address>
</dateline>
</opener>
<p>And it came to pass, in the days of <ref target="people.html#DaveyJohn">John
                        Davey</ref> the master of <ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Balliol</ref> that great disturbance happened in the community</p>
<p>For the children of <ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Balliol</ref> sat
                    down to meat. now this was the seventh day. &amp; the chief priests
                    &amp; elders sent down to them that grace might be said for this was the
                    manner.</p>
<p>But behold the man was ill by whom the grace should have been said.</p>
<p>And Jeremiah the scout came down, &amp; delivered the summons as was
                    commanded him. &amp; they answered him nor a word</p>
<p>Then came fear upon Jeremiah the scout. &amp; he said — behold now the chiefs
                    &amp; elders have called for the grace — now therefore obey ye the call.</p>
<p>And <ref target="people.html#LightfootNicholas">Nicholas Lightfoot</ref> answered
                    him &amp; said — lo now <ref target="people.html#AllenRobert">Allen</ref> is
                    ill — &amp; let him who is the junior go up &amp; do this thing.</p>
<p>Then the junior looked silly &amp; answered him not</p>
<p>And Jeremiah the scout grew more fearful &amp; the chief priests &amp;
                    elders more impatient. then spake he to Southey — go thou &amp; say the
                    grace. but Southey knew it not.</p>
<p>And the chiefs priests &amp; elders departed in wrath.</p>
<p>And they cried out with one voice crucify them crucify them</p>
<p rend="indent2"> X X X X X X X X X X X X X X </p>
<lb/>
<p rend="indent1"> Titus Vespasian<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">The Roman
                        Emperor Titus Flavius Vespasianus (9–79; reigned 69–79).</note> the DELIGHT
                    of MANKIND</p>
<p rend="indent1"> and the Best Sovereign that History records,</p>
<p>crucified two thousand Jews one morning &amp; Ralph Churton observes that
                    “with a generous clemency that inseperable attendant on true heroism, he
                    crucified prisoners till space was wanting for the crosses, &amp; crosses
                    for the captives<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">A paraphrase of Ralph
                        Churton (1754–1831; <title level="m">DNB</title>), <title level="m">Eight
                            Sermons on the Prophecies Respecting the Destruction of Jerusalem,
                            Preached before the University of Oxford in the Year 1785</title>
                        (Oxford, 1785), p. 201.</note>
</p>
<lb/>
<p rend="indent3">
<ref target="people.html#BarnesFrederick">GINGER BARNES</ref>
</p>
<p rend="indent3"> The delight of the Common Room</p>
<p rend="indent2">and the Best Fellow in <ref target="places.html#BalliolOxford">Balliol College</ref>
</p>
<p rend="indent2">crucified eight scholars after dinner</p>
<p rend="indent5"> &amp;</p>
<p rend="indent4">
<ref target="people.html#DaveyJohn">John Davey</ref>
</p>
<p rend="indent1"> with a generous clemency that inseperable attendant on true
                    learning abused them like pickpockets — degraded them from their rank —
                    sequesterd their revenues — &amp; set them a volume of sermons to
                    translate.</p>
<p>If I could — turn the sentence neat &amp; pretty — Period round &amp;
                    period witty — this sonnet should have made a seperate letter. but I am ill at
                    these things. remember tis the only sonnet I have written.</p>
<p rend="indent7"> ————</p>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent3">Virgin of Orleans,<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">Joan
                            of Arc (c. 1412–1431), the subject of Southey’s first published
                            epic.</note> oft thy minstrels eye</l>
<l rend="indent4"> Has loved thy course thro fields of blood to trace,</l>
<l rend="indent3">When waved the lillied flag in conquest high</l>
<l rend="indent4"> And thy fallen foes retreated with disgrace</l>
</lg>
<lb/>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent3">Ill-fated heroine round that lovely frame</l>
<l rend="indent4"> That breast too firm in fortitude to fear,</l>
<l rend="indent3">The hangman reard around the unwilling flame</l>
<l rend="indent4"> And sternly softened to a maiden tear.</l>
</lg>
<lb/>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent3">Yet heaved not then her bosom with the sigh</l>
<l rend="indent4"> Nor faultered then the maidens parting breath</l>
<l rend="indent3">But pleasd in Freedoms glorious cause to die</l>
<l rend="indent4"> She saved her country &amp; she smild at Death.</l>
</lg>
<lb/>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent3">Oft oer thy lovely form the Bard shall bend.</l>
<l rend="indent3">Whilst Memorys grateful hour recalls the absent friend.</l>
</lg>
<p rend="indent7"> —————</p>
<p>Read this to Mrs Bedford in your best manner. I am sorry that I cannot send <ref target="people.html#CollinsCharles">CC</ref> to read it prettily. or rather
                        <ref target="people.html#WynnCharlesWW">Wynn</ref> is sorry for me. you may
                    guess whom I have at my elbow.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> [Start of section in Charles Watkin Williams Wynn’s hand] The
                    chief Ch. Ch. news which I can relate is that his most Proboscinasal <ref target="people.html#CombeEdward">majesty</ref> has been of late rather
                    &lt;drunk &amp;&gt; amorous has got an impositon a black eye
                    &amp; has given my electrical machine a violent <hi rend="ital">shock</hi>.
                        <ref target="people.html#CollinsCharles">C.C.</ref> has got a little bandbox
                    about 3 feet by two in which he sits &amp; frys till the room floats with
                    his own grease which he likewise employs to daub his scull with instead of
                    Pomatum <del rend="strikethrough">xxxxxxxxxxxxxx believe</del> [end of section
                    in Charles Watkin Williams Wynn’s hand]</p>
<p>adieu <del rend="strikethrough">xxx xxxxx</del>
</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I know not if you understand this asinine language of <ref target="people.html#WynnCharlesWW">Wynn</ref> which he thinks so well
                    adapted.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> tis a long while since I heard from <ref target="people.html#BedfordHoraceWalpole">Horace</ref>. Clodius accuset
                        modius<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">Juvenal (fl. AD late C1 and
                        early C2), <title level="m">Satire</title> 2, line 27. The Latin translates
                        as ‘Clodius accused adulterers’.</note>
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