The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 2: 1798-1803 A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition Southey, Robert, 1774-1843 Lynda Pratt Romantic Circles General Editor, Neil Fraistat General Editor, Steven E. Jones Technical Editor Laura Mandell 2011-08-15 rce466 letterEEd.26.457 Romantic Circles, http://www.rc.umd.edu, University of Maryland College Park, MD August 15, 2011

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National Library of Wales, MS 4811D. Not previously published.

These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer

For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University; the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.

A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the English Department of Nottingham Trent University.

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 NINES categories for Genre and Material Form at http://www.performantsoftware.com/nines_wiki/index.php/Submitting_RDF#.3Cnines:genre.3E on 2009-02-26 Architecture Artifacts Bibliography Collection Criticism Letters Drama Life Writing Politics Folklore Ephemera Fiction History Leisure Manuscript Reference Works Humor Education Music nonfiction Paratext Perodical Philosphy Photograph Citation Family Life Poetry Religion Review Visual Art Translation Travel Book History Law Southey Letters: Biographies Southey Letters: Places Laura Mandell XSLT Transforming after latest corrections Laura Mandell XSLT Transforming Averill Buchanan corrections from proofing Averill Buchanan Part II added
457. Robert Southey to Charles Watkin Williams Wynn, 28 November [1799] MS: National Library of Wales, MS 4811DUnpublished. My dear Wynn

Halto is the printers blunder.‘God’s Judgement On A Bishop’, Morning Post, 27 November 1799, dealt with legends that surrounded Hatto I (c. 850–913; Archbishop of Mainz, 891–913). Bishop is my own wilful one – however the Arch may be hammered on with very little tinker trouble. according to my authority here – which is Coryat the OddcombianThomas Coryat (1577–1617; DNB), Coryat’s Crudities Hastily Gobbled up in Five Months Travel to France, Italy &c (London, 1611), pp. 571–572. Coryat was an ‘Oddcombian’ because he was from Odcombe in Somerset. – he was eat by Mice & the Tower is called Mouse-Tower. read the last stanza thus improved

And in at the window & in at the door And thro the wall by thousands they pour And down from the cieling, & up from the floor From the right & the left, from behind & before From within & without, from above & below, And all at once to the Bishop they go.This revised version was used in the penultimate stanza of ‘God’s Judgement On A Bishop’ in Annual Anthology (Bristol, 1800), p. 263.

This pain in my side troubles me – whether it be pleurisy – or consumption – or some disease at heart for in that part it lies – I know not. I am going to winter at Bristol for the sake of medical advice. this nervous fever has left me very weak & emaciated.

Bedfords extract is curious. Xx I should like to trace its historical foundation. I weave the story into Thalaba, which is the why I sent for it.On 24 October 1799 (Letter 450) Southey had asked Bedford to find information about the garden of Aloaddin or Aladeules. It was used in a note to Thalaba the Destroyer (1801), Book 7, line 256. Purchas relates it from Marco Polo.Marco Polo (c. 1254–1324); Samuel Purchas (c. 1577–1626; DNB), Purchas his Pilgrimage, 2nd edn (1614), pp. 237, 317. I have prest into my service most of the ingenious lies which I have found in travellers. Maundeville is worth readingSir John Mandeville, The Voiage and Travaile of Sir John Maundeville (London, 1727), pp. 340–344, 176–178. For the ‘faery falcon’ see also Common-Place Book, ed. John Wood Warter, 4 series (London, 1849–1850), IV, pp. 90–91. – he will tell you of a Valley where the Devils head always appears above ground – & of a Faery Falcon which whoso could watch for 7 days & nights should have his wish cum multis aliis quæ nunc perseribere longum est.The Latin translates as ‘with many others which now it would be too lengthy to describe in full.’

I am going to work at Queen MarySouthey’s proposed play on ‘The Days of Queen Mary’, set in the time of Mary I (1516–1558; reigned 1553–1558; DNB); see Common-Place Book, ed. John Wood Warter, 4 series (London, 1849–1850), IV, pp. 190–192. with all the little spirits I now possess. we go to Bristol on Monday – unless I should have a relapse – which I am fearful of.

Heywood lies before me P. 600. the tale will do.Thomas Heywood (1570s–1641; DNB), The Hierarchie of the Blessed Angells (1635), p. 600, relates the tale of a nobleman who feasted with the ‘divells of hell’. Southey did not turn this into a poem, though he had previously made use of Heywood’s book in the supernatural ballads ‘Donica’ and ‘Rudiger’, both published in Poems (1797). there is another in the Sphynx of Heidfeldius.Johannes Heidfeld (1563–1629), Sextum Renata, Renovata ac Longe Ornatius Etiam, Quam Anquam Autea Exculta Sphinx Theologica-Philosophica (1612). of a man who sold his soul at a tavern to a strange man – the famous single combat in France between the man & the dog would balladize, but I want documents – & names.The story that in France in c. 1400 the Chevalier Maquer murdered a man called Montdidier. Montdidier’s greyhound found the corpse and accused Maquer by attacking him. In a trial by combat between the man and the dog, Maquer was overpowered, confessed to his crime and was executed; see Common-Place Book, ed. John Wood Warter, 4 series (London, 1849–1850), IV, p. 197. Thalaba you will like I think – if you will endure the metre ecce exemplum.The Latin translates as ‘behold an example’.

Who shall seek thro Araby Hodeirahs dreaded son? They mingle the arrows of chance, The lot of Abdaldar is drawn. Thirteen moons must wax & wane Ere his quest he may relinquish. He must visit every tribe That roams the desert wilderness or dwells, Beside perennial streams, till he has found The boy whose blood alone Can quench that fated fire. A ring of crystal formd Abdaldar bore, The powerful gem condensed Primæval dews that upon Caucasus Felt the first winters frost. Ripening there it lay beneath Rock above rock & mountain ice up-piled On mountain, till the mighty mass assumed So huge its bulk, the oceans azure hue. With this he sought the inmost den There where the image of dark Eblis stood And by it burnt the eternal flame Like waters gushing from some channelld rock Full thro a narrow opening, from a chasm The eternal flame streamd up. No eye beheld the xxxxx fount Of that up-flowing flame, That blazed self nurtured, & for ever, there. It was no mortal element. the Abyss Supplied it, from the fountains at the first Prepared, in the heart of earth it lives & glows Her vital heat, till at the day decreed The voice of God shall let its billows loose, To deluge oer with no abating flood The consummated world, that thro the heaven Thenceforth must roll, the penal orb of fire. Unturband & unsandalld there Abdaldar stood before the flame, And held the ring beside, & spake The language that the Elements obey. The obedient flame detached a portion forth That in the crystal entering, was condensed Gem of the gem, its living eye of fire. When the hand that wears the spell Shall touch the destined boy Then shall that eye be quenchd, And the freed element Fly to its sacred & remembered spring.An early version of Thalaba the Destroyer (1801), Book 2, lines 223–272.

This ring with a little hell-fire set in it, is a very material <important> ring. the regular blank verse is not usually so much mingled with the shorter lines in the dialogue (for part is dramatic) I employ it, & in parts that require a loftier tone.

God bless you. I am an unlucky fellow to have the heartache, with every reason & inclination to be happy.

yrs affectionately Robert Southey

Burton.
Thursday 28 Nov.

All the imprecations of Ernulphus on my Biographer!Possibly a reference to Southey’s biography in Public Characters of 1799–1800 (London, 1799), pp. 224–231. Ernulphus (c. 1040–1124, Bishop of Rochester 1115–1124) was famous for a Latin curse, used in the excommunication rite.