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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 2: 1798-1803 </title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<p>Houghton
                        Library, MS Hyde 76 1.185.7.  Previously  published: J.
                        W. Robberds (ed.), A Memoir of the Life and
                            Writings of the Late William Taylor of
                            Norwich, 2 vols (London, 1843), I, pp.
                        452-456.</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
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<div n="760" type="letter">
<head>760. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#TaylorWilliam">William Taylor</ref>,
                        <date when="1803-02-14">14 February 1803</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: To
                        Mr Wm. Taylor Junr./ Surry Street/
                        Norwich<lb/>Postmarks: BRISTOL/ FEB 14 1803; B/ FEB 15/
                        1803<lb/>Endorsement: Ansd. June 21<lb/>MS: Houghton
                        Library, MS Hyde 76 1.185.7<lb/>Previously published: J.
                        W. Robberds (ed.), <title>A Memoir of the Life and
                            Writings of the Late William Taylor of
                            Norwich</title>, 2 vols (London, 1843), I, pp.
                        452-456.</note>
</head>
<opener>
<salute>My dear friend</salute>
</opener>
<p rend="indent1"> I was thinking over the Iris &amp; whether or
                    no I was not bound in conscience to the effort of a letter
                    upon the subject when yours arrived &amp; turned the
                        scale.<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">William
                        Taylor to Southey, 6 February 1803, J.W. Robberds (ed.),
                            <title>A Memoir of the Life and Writings of the Late
                            William Taylor of Norwich</title>, 2 vols (London,
                        1843), I, pp. 447-452. Taylor had also sent Southey the
                        first two issues of <title>The Iris,</title> the new
                        newspaper he launched in Norwich on 5 February
                        1803.</note> the matter so pleased me – &amp; the manner
                    so offended me – <del rend="strikethrough">for</del> then
                    the murder is out, &amp; now I will say what for a long
                    while I have thought, that you have ruined your style by
                    germanisms, latinisms &amp; Greekisms: that you are sick of
                    a surfeit of knowledge – that your learning breaks out like
                    scabs &amp; blotches upon a beautiful face. I am led by
                    indolence &amp; by good nature always rather to feel dislike
                    than to express it. &amp; if another finds the same fault
                    that has displeased me in your writings, have always
                    defended them more zealously than if they had been my own.
                    but faults they are, faults anywhere, &amp; tenfold
                    aggravated in a newspaper. how are plain Norfolk farmers –
                    &amp; such will read the Iris to understand words which they
                    have never heard before &amp; which are so foreign as not to
                    be even in Johnsons<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">Samuel Johnson (1709-1784; <title>DNB</title>),
                            <title>A Dictionary of the English Language</title>
                        (1755).</note> farrago of a dictionary? I have read
                    Cowpers Odyssey,<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">William Cowper (1731-1800; <title>DNB</title>),
                            <title>The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, translated
                            into English Blank Verse</title> (1791).</note>
                    &amp; Trissino<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">Gian
                        Giorgio Trissino (1478-1550), <title>Italia Liberata dai
                            Goti</title> (1547-1548).</note> to cure my poetry
                    of its wheyishness. let me prescribe the Vulgar Errors of
                    Sir T. Browne<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">Sir
                        Thomas Browne (1605-1682; <title>DNB</title>),
                            <title>Pseudodoxia Epidemica, or Enquiries into
                            Common and Vulgar Errors</title> (1646).</note> to
                    you for a like remedy. You taught me to write English by
                    what you said of Bürgers<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">Gottfried August Burger (1747-1794),
                        German poet.</note> language &amp; by what I felt from
                    your translations, one of the eras in my intellectual
                    history. Would that I could now in my turn impress you with
                    the same conviction. Crowd your ideas as you will – your
                    images never can be too many – give them the stamp &amp;
                    autograph of William Taylor, but let us have them in
                    English, plain perspicuous English, such as mere English
                    readers can understand. Ours is a noble language – a
                    beautiful language. I can tolerate a germanism, for family
                    sake, but he who uses a Latin or a French phrase where a
                    pure old English word does as well, by God he ought to be
                    hung drawn &amp; quartered for high treason against <del rend="strikethrough">the English language</del> his
                    mother tongue.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> Had I been at Norwich I would have besought
                    you not to undertake an office so inadequate &amp; so
                    unsuited to your powers. you are incurring all the
                    disadvantages of that public authorship which till now you
                    had wisely avoided. Every body knows that William Taylor
                    edites the Iris. Even here I have heard it. but is William
                    Taylor to learn that detraction is the resource &amp; the
                    consolation of inferiority – that every one of his
                    acquaintance who feel themselves inferior will gladly
                    flatter themselves by dwelling upon &amp; magnifying every
                    error or resemblance of an error that he may commit? the
                    world always expect more than they can find, &amp; to this
                    evil you are peculiarly subject because you have hitherto
                    kept yourself back. I doubt whether precipitancy be so
                    dangerous as such witholding. What ought not to be expected
                    from him who kept the Lenora<note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">William Taylor’s translation of Burger’s
                        ‘Lenore’, <title>Monthly Magazine</title>, 1 (March
                        1796), 135-137. Taylor’s translation possibly dates from
                        as early as 1790.</note> so many years unpublished.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> But you are in so far – that good luck be
                    with ye! is the best thing I can now say.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> The metaphysical work<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">Since late 1800, Coleridge, Wedgwood and
                        James Mackintosh (1765-1832; <title>DNB</title>),
                        Scottish jurist, politician and historian, had been
                        discussing a joint work on the metaphysics of space and
                        time. It did not progress beyond some notes and
                        letters.</note> talked of as the Orion-progeny<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">An obscure reference.
                        In Greek legend, Orion was a great hunter who was turned
                        into a constellation. One of the legends of his birth
                        suggests a number of the gods urinated on an ox hide,
                        which was then buried and ten months later dug up to
                        reveal the infant Orion. If Southey was referring to
                        this story, he could be making a joke about the joint
                        fatherhood of the work of philosophy and its long
                        gestation period.</note> of <ref target="people.html#WedgwoodThomas">Wedgewood</ref>
                    Macintosh &amp; <ref target="people.html#ColeridgeSamuelTaylor">Coleridge</ref> was only talked of, nor was <ref target="people.html#ColeridgeSamuelTaylor">Coleridge</ref> to have done any thing more than
                    preface the book with a sketch of the history of
                    metaphysics. he does project a work upon that subject, of
                    which the first part – if he ever have health &amp;
                    stability enough to produce anything - will be the death
                    blow of Hobbes, Locke &amp; Hume,<note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679;
                            <title>DNB</title>), John Locke (1632-1704;
                            <title>DNB</title>) and David Hume (1711-1776;
                            <title>DNB</title>) were all famous British
                        philosophers.</note> for the two latter of whom in
                    particular he feels the most righteous contempt. I am
                    grieved that you never met <ref target="people.html#ColeridgeSamuelTaylor">Coleridge</ref>, all other men whom I have ever known
                    are mere children to him, &amp; yet all is palsied by a
                    total want of moral strength. he will leave nothing behind
                    him to justify the opinion of his friends to the world – yet
                    many of his scattered poems are such that a man of feeling
                    will see the author was capable of executing the greatest
                    works.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> The Sonnets you speak of<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">A series of sonnets on
                        political subjects, signed ‘W. L. D.’, in the
                            <title>Morning Post</title>.</note> are not mine.
                    nothing of mine has yet appeared in the Post except the
                    ballad of Bishop Athendius.<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">‘A True Ballad Of A Pope’, <title>Morning
                            Post</title>, 4 February 1803.</note> you will
                    always distinguish me <del rend="strikethrough">them</del>
                    by the subject, &amp; by the omission of common faults, <del rend="strikethrough">instead of</del> &lt;rather
                    than&gt; the appearance of peculiar merit. In April I have
                    some prospect of visiting London for the purpose of getting
                    at certain books in the Museum.<note n="13" place="foot" resp="editors">The British Museum, London, opened in
                        1759.</note> if I get so far on the way my conscience
                    &amp; inclination will lead me on to pass a week with you at
                    Norwich. We are still houseless. indeed it is not an easy
                    thing to find a house in the country, without land, &amp;
                    near enough a town to be within convenient reach of its
                    market. We will yet go to <ref target="places.html#Keswick">Keswick</ref> if it be possible. I begin to hunger
                    &amp; thirst after Borrodale &amp; Derwentwater: you
                    undervalue Lakes &amp; Mountains, they make me happier &amp;
                    wiser &amp; better, &amp; enable me to think &amp; feel with
                    a quicker &amp; healthier intellect. Cities are as <del rend="strikethrough">fat</del> poisonous to genius &amp;
                    virtue in their best sense, as to the flower of the valley,
                    or the oak of the forest. men of talent may &amp; will be
                    gregarious. men of genius will not. handicraft-men work
                    together, but discoveries must be the work of individuals.
                    neither are men to be studied in cities – except indeed, as
                    students walk the hospitals you go to see all the
                    modifications of disease.</p>
<p rend="indent1">
<ref target="people.html#RickmanJohn">Rickman</ref> is not
                    gone to Paris, nor going. he will be my host in London. –
                    your paper upon Berkeley<note n="14" place="foot" resp="editors">George Berkeley (1685-1753;
                            <title>DNB</title>), British philosopher. Taylor’s
                        article was ‘Is Berkeley’s Defence of Idealism
                        Satisfactory?’, <title>Monthly Magazine</title> 14
                        (January 1803), 486-492.</note> I shall look for. <ref target="people.html#BurnettGeorge">Burnett</ref> is
                    still dreaming of what he will do – how he will show himself
                    &amp; out-do all the authors of the day – which he says is
                    no difficult matter. Lord Stanhope<note n="15" place="foot" resp="editors">Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope
                        (1753-1816; <title>DNB</title>), radical politician and
                        inventor. Burnett had briefly been tutor to his two
                        younger sons in 1802.</note> he says will take care of
                    him. I wish it may be so.</p>
<closer>
<salute rend="indent1"> God bless you –</salute>
<salute rend="indent2"> Yrs affectionately</salute>
<signed rend="indent3"> R Southey.</signed>
<lb/>
<date when="1803-02-14">Feb<hi rend="sup">y</hi> 14.
                        1803.</date>
</closer>
<postscript>
<p>Our love to <ref target="people.html#SoutheyHenryHerbert">Harry</ref>.</p>
</postscript>
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