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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 2: 1798-1803 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<editor>Lynda Pratt</editor>
<sponsor>Romantic Circles</sponsor>
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<idno type="nines">rce794</idno>
<idno type="edition">letterEEd.26.785</idno>
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<date when="2011-08-15">August 15, 2011</date>
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<p>Pforzheimer Collection, New York Public
                        Library, Misc 2213.  Previously  published: A. F. Wedd,
                            The Love-letters of Mary Hays
                            (1779-1780), pp. 242-245 [misdated 3 May
                        1803].</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
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<div n="785" type="letter">
<head>785. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#HaysMary">Mary Hays</ref>, <date when="1803-05-23">23 May
                        1803</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: To/ Miss Hays/ 9. S<hi rend="sup">t</hi> Georges Place/ Camberwell/ Surry/
                        Single <lb/>Postmarks: [partial] BRISTOL; B/ MAY 24/
                        1803; 10 o’Clock/ MY 24/ 1803 FN<hi rend="sup">n</hi>
<lb/>Endorsement: Continuation: Southey/ May 23/
                        1803<lb/>MS: Pforzheimer Collection, New York Public
                        Library, Misc 2213<lb/>Previously published: A. F. Wedd,
                            <title>The Love-letters of Mary Hays
                            (1779-1780)</title>, pp. 242-245 [misdated 3 May
                        1803].</note>
</head>
<opener>
<salute>Dear Madam</salute>
</opener>
<p rend="indent1"> My letter would be a valuable one if the
                    ability of suggesting any fit subject for your talents were
                    equal to the good will with which it is attempted.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> Novels are generally interesting in
                    proportion as they excite our attention by what is new. I
                    think the manners &amp; customs of other countries &amp;
                    other times afford mines of such novelty as yet unransacked.
                    the materials are easily acquired from our numerous books of
                    travels. It will be far more difficult to keep up the
                    metaphysical costume. if I did not believe you were capable
                    of overcoming this difficulty I should &lt;not&gt; offer the
                    suggestion. some materials for thinking may be afforded by
                    thus contrasting the opinions &amp; institutions of
                    different countries, &amp; enforcing what is true
                    everywhere.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> The French Atala<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">Francois-Rene de Chateaubriand
                        (1768-1848), <title>Atala</title> (1801).</note> owed
                    all its celebrity to its scenery &amp; manners – it had the
                    effect of the serious pantomimes at our theatres – Oscar
                    &amp; Malvina<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">William
                        Reeve (1757-1815; <title>DNB</title>), <title>Oscar and
                            Malvina</title> (1791).</note> – or the Death of
                    Captain Cook.<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">Jean
                        Francois Mussot Arnould (dates unknown), <title>La Mort
                            du Capitaine Cook</title> (1788). Two English
                        translations of this ‘grand serious pantomimic ballet’
                        appeared in 1789 and 1790.</note> &amp; all its scenery,
                    &amp; tenfold as much painted with ten-thousand fold more
                    genius is to be found in Bartrams Travels.<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">William Bartram (1739-1823),
                            <title>Travels through North and South Carolina,
                            Georgia, East and West Florida, the Cherokee Country
                            etc</title> (1791).</note> S<hi rend="sup">t</hi>
                    Pierres Tales<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre (1737-1814),
                        well-known for the exotic locations of his novels,
                        especially <title>Paul et Virginie</title>
                        (1787).</note> have this advantage in a high degree. I
                    do not know a single English novel that possesses it. Many
                    plans have at various times occurred to me – but the seed
                    never remained long enough to germinate. I remember one
                    which would almost be the antithesis to Atala – a Portugueze
                    on her way from India to the mother country to become a nun,
                    wrecked on the coast of Africa &amp; falling into the power
                    of the Caffers – the best savages of whom we have yet heard
                    – to convert her &amp; her father Confessor till he marries
                    her to a negro might form the groundwork of a story.<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title>Common-Place
                            Book</title>, ed. John Wood Warter, 4 series
                        (London, 1849–1850), IV, p. 10.</note> If you like to
                    dwell upon the darker side of the picture, the scene &lt;of
                    a gloomier action&gt; may be laid among the fiercer American
                    tribes – or in Hindostan. Mango Capac, the Civilizer of Peru
                    has always appeared to me an excellent hero for a
                    philosophical romance, but I have felt the full difficulty
                    of forming any solution, short of miracle, for his appearing
                    where he did &amp; improving savages by so wonderful a
                    conquest of intellect over ignorance.<note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title>Common-Place
                            Book</title>, ed. John Wood Warter, 4 series
                        (London, 1849–1850), IV, pp. 3-4, outline Southey’s
                        difficulties in writing about Manco Capac, the legendary
                        first Inca</note> Should you think of building any story
                    upon foreign ground, I can perhaps save you some trouble by
                    referring you to the readiest sources of information.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> Whenever I have thought of writing a novel
                    among my own ways &amp; means, to develope some single
                    character has been the main object of the plan. Such for
                    instance as a man who accustoms himself to look at every
                    thing in a ridiculous point of view, till by laughing at
                    every thing, he laughs away every good principle. A great
                    mind ruined by a little failing would well deserve to be
                    delineated – by indecision – or procrastination, or by that
                    excess of good humour which submits to weaker intellects
                    rather than inflict pain. I have dwelt with more pleasure
                    upon the ideal character of a man renouncing fair prospects
                    for principle, throwing himself upon the world with the
                    belief that while he can obtain food, raiment or shelter it
                    is beneath him to be unhappy, &amp; being happy in
                    consequence of that belief.<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">A description of Southey’s planned novel
                        ‘Oliver Elton’, <title>Common-Place Book</title>, ed.
                        John Wood Warter, 4 series (London, 1849–1850), IV, pp.
                        9-10.</note>
</p>
<p rend="indent1"> The narrative of Madame Godin<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title>The Weekly
                            Entertainer; or Agreeable and Instructive
                            Repository</title>, 59 vols (Sherborne[?],
                        1784-1819), III, 394-398, ‘Narrative of the Sufferings
                        of Madame Godin’.</note> has been translated, &amp; is
                    so very short that I once transcribed it. I should be sorry
                    to see you employed in translation. nor is it easy to point
                    out any work of merit which has not already been made
                    English. I remember a wild Ariosto-like Romance by Cazotte
                    called Ollivier. <note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">Jacques Cazotte (1719-1792), <title>Ollivier</title>
                        (1762).</note> Gibbons recommendation<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">Edward Gibbon (1737-1794;
                            <title>DNB</title>), ‘Extraits de Mon Journal’, in
                            <title>Miscellaneous Works</title>, 2 vols (London,
                        1796), II, pp. 228-229.</note> induced me to read it.
                    one volume would comprize it &amp; perhaps the Authors name
                    might give it a saleable notoriety. There is a romance of
                    far higher merit by the Abbe Terrasson<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">Jean Terrasson (1670-1750),
                            <title>Sethos, Histoire ou Vie tiree des Monumens
                            Anecdotes de l’Ancienne Egypte</title>
                        (1731).</note> of which there is a translation by a M<hi rend="sup">r</hi> Lediard,<note n="13" place="foot" resp="editors">Thomas Lediard (1685-1743;
                            <title>DNB</title>), <title>The Life of Sethos.
                            Taken From Private Memoirs of the Ancient
                            Egyptians</title> (1732).</note> some fifty years
                    old, not enough known nor common enough to prevent the
                    success of another. Sethos is the book I mean. it has as
                    much learning as the Anacharsis,<note n="14" place="foot" resp="editors">Jean-Jacques Barthelemy (1716-1795),
                            <title>Voyage du Jeune Anarcharsis en Grece</title>
                        (1789), no. 120 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s
                        library.</note> tho unfortunately the Author has given
                    no references &amp; therefore gained no credit. the
                    character of the hero is very finely conceived – a
                    philosopher who voluntarily resigns a kingdom, &amp; a
                    mistress, <del rend="strikethrough">&amp; the friends</del>
                    if you could find a bookseller who would set out this book
                    with good maps, &amp; prints for which Denons book<note n="15" place="foot" resp="editors">Dominique Vivant de
                        Denon (1747-1825), <title>Voyage dans la Basse et la
                            Haute Egypte</title> (1802).</note> would supply
                    noble scenery I am certain it could not fail to answer. It
                    would fill two octavo volumes.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> There is a good history of Charlemagne in
                    four duodecimo by Gaillard.<note n="16" place="foot" resp="editors">Gabriel-Henri Gaillard (1726-1806),
                            <title>Histoire de Charlemagne</title> (1782), no.
                        1078 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s library.</note>
                    a history of the Arabs of the same length by the Abbe
                        Marigny.<note n="17" place="foot" resp="editors">Francois Augier de Marigny (d. 1762), <title>Histoire
                            des Arabes sous le Gouvernement des Califes</title>
                        (1750), no. 1802 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s
                        library.</note> but this last I think has been
                        Englishd.<note n="18" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title>The History of the Arabians under the
                            Government of the Caliphs</title> (1758).</note>
                    Booksellers are the people to judge of the saleableness of
                    such works. their merit is another thing. Travels are more
                    saleable. Sir John Chardin<note n="19" place="foot" resp="editors">Sir John Chardin (1643-1713;
                            <title>DNB</title>), Protestant French jeweller and
                        traveller who settled in England. The complete account
                        of his travels in the Middle East is <title>Voyages de
                            Monsieur le Chevalier Chardin en Perse et Autres
                            Lieux l’Orient</title> (1711), but only <title>The
                            Travels of Sir John Chardin in Persia and the East
                            Indies: the First Volume</title> (1686) was
                        published in English. The book contained 25 engraved
                        plates.</note> is the best traveller that ever went
                    eastward &amp; only one volume was ever translated. this
                    would be expensive on account of reengraving many prints –
                    but books sell the better for prints. Something might be
                    added to his accounts from <del rend="strikethrough">modern</del> later travellers. there exists no
                    translation of Niebuhrs travels except a miserable
                    mutilation by that wretched Scotchman Heron.<note n="20" place="foot" resp="editors">Carsten Niebuhr’s
                        (1733-1815) travels had been published in German, French
                        and Dutch. The only English version was Robert Heron’s
                        (1764-1807; <title>DNB</title>) abridgement,
                            <title>Travels through Arabia, and other Countries
                            in the Near East</title> (1792).</note> these
                    writers are both of great &amp; established merit. the
                    former I should prefer were I a bookseller. &amp; should be
                    sanguine in my expectations of success. I think it extends
                    to six small volumes – about half was published in our
                    language in one folio. three quartos might comprize it. but
                    your powers of language ought not to be wasted upon
                    translation.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> In whatever plan you may adopt, if there be
                    any way in which I can be of the smallest service I shall be
                    very glad to prove that the proffer is not <del rend="strikethrough">designed</del> a mere form of
                    courtesy. Should you like my first suggestion I have a trick
                    of dreaming stories &amp; could send you some rude outlines
                    which you might work upon at your own pleasure, &amp; fill
                    up – or use as painters use their daubs. In the course of
                    next month I expect to visit London, &amp; will then look
                    for Ollivier<note n="21" place="foot" resp="editors">
<title>Ollivier</title> (1762) is not in the sale
                        catalogue of Southey’s library, so possibly he did give
                        his copy to Mary Hays.</note> (which is somewhere among
                    my poor scattered books) that you may cast your eye over it.
                    meantime if you can make me in any way useful, command me
                    freely. the points on which we differ are fewer than those
                    on which we agree, &amp; our hopes of mankind are the
                    same.</p>
<closer>
<salute rend="indent1"> yrs truly &amp;
                        respectfully</salute>
<salute rend="indent2"> Robert Southey.</salute>
<lb/>
<address>
<placeName>
<ref target="places.html#StJamesPlace">Kingsdown</ref>. Bristol.</placeName>
</address>
<date when="1803-05-23">May. 23<hi rend="sup">rd</hi>
                        1803.</date>
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