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<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 2: 1798-1803 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
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<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
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<editor>Lynda Pratt</editor>
<sponsor>Romantic Circles</sponsor>
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<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Neil Fraistat</name>
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<idno type="nines">rce861</idno>
<idno type="edition">letterEEd.26.852</idno>
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<date when="2011-08-15">August 15, 2011</date>
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<p>Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center,
                        University of Texas, Austin.  Previously  published:
                        Charles Ramos, The Letters of Robert Southey to
                            John May: 1797–1838 (Austin, Texas, 1976),
                        pp. 83-85.</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
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<div n="852" type="letter">
<head>852. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#MayJohn">John May</ref>, <date when="1803-11-15">[15 November
                        1803]</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address:
                        To/ John May Esq<hi rend="sup">r</hi>./ Richmond/ Surry/
                        Single<lb/>Stamped: KESWICK/ 298<lb/>Postmarks: E/ NOV
                        19/ 1803; 10 o’Clock/NO 19/1803 F.N.<hi rend="sup">n</hi>
<lb/>Watermark: JM &amp; Co/
                        1800<lb/>Endorsement: N<hi rend="sup">o</hi> 87. 1803/
                        Robert Southey/ No place 15<hi rend="sup">th</hi> Nov./
                            rec<hi rend="sup">d</hi>. 19<hi rend="sup">th</hi>
                            d<hi rend="sup">o</hi>/ ans<hi rend="sup">d</hi>.
                            21<hi rend="sup">st</hi> d<hi rend="sup">o</hi>
<lb/>MS: Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center,
                        University of Texas, Austin<lb/>Previously published:
                        Charles Ramos, <title>The Letters of Robert Southey to
                            John May: 1797–1838</title> (Austin, Texas, 1976),
                        pp. 83-85.</note>
</head>
<opener>
<salute>My dear friend</salute>
</opener>
<p rend="indent1"> I write to you with a far better will than
                    when last I took pen in hand for that purpose. after
                    receiving your last I wrote to <ref target="people.html#SoutheyHenryHerbert">Harry</ref>
                    &amp; mentioned his concealment of M<hi rend="sup">r</hi>
                        Martineaus<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">Philip
                        Meadows Martineau (1752-1829), surgeon at the Norfolk
                        and Norwich Hospital and a member of the Martineau
                        family, prominent Unitarians in Norwich. Henry Herbert
                        Southey was instructed by him in 1802-1803.</note>
                    present – a circumstance which hurt me more than any other
                    part of his conduct. this evening his answer has arrived –
                    &amp; thank God it has satisfied me as I am sure it will
                    you. What he meant by saying <ref target="people.html#TaylorWilliam">W<hi rend="sup">m</hi> Taylor</ref> had enabled him to remove – was
                    – that he had answerd for his debts: the 20£ was what
                    removed him &amp; of which he expected to have 7£ left on
                    his arrival – as in fact he had 6. he did not mention the
                    present in his letter to you from haste – not from
                    concealment, as he <hi rend="ital">had read <ref target="people.html#TaylorWilliam">W<hi rend="sup">m</hi> Taylors</ref> letter which did mention
                        it</hi>. for the truth of this he appeals to <ref target="people.html#TaylorWilliam">W<hi rend="sup">m</hi> Taylor</ref> – &amp; he begs me to state it
                    to you that he may be thus far exculpated. I do it as you
                    may conceive with real pleasure &amp; a lightened heart. He
                    adds that he has borrowed 10£ for the Lectures<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">Henry Herbert Southey had
                        just enrolled at the University of Edinburgh.</note>
                    from a friend – that <ref target="people.html#TaylorWilliam">W<hi rend="sup">m</hi> Taylor</ref> was to send him
                    10£ – &amp; that the whole expence of the first winters
                    Lectures &amp;c will be 18£ – 13 – which is what D<hi rend="sup">r</hi> Reeve<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">Henry Reeve (1780-1814;
                            <title>DNB</title>), physician. He had studied under
                        Philip Meadows Martineau in Norwich in 1796-1800 and
                        then at the University of Edinburgh 1800-1803,
                        graduating as MD in June 1803.</note> stated at twenty
                    pounds. his present lodgings are 12.6 per week. he has found
                    others for 9<hi rend="sup">s</hi> – 6 &amp; is therefore
                    about to remove – his dinners are to cost him fifteen pence
                    daily. I hope he feels seriously &amp; am disposed to think
                    so. the fact is that at Norwich his information had outgrown
                    his situation, &amp; he was tempted to indolence the more
                    easily from undervaluing what he had to do.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> No letters from Lisbon – so that I know
                    nothing but from the papers. but they give me reason to hope
                    that you will have time to remove your property, if that be
                    needful. my hope is that this tumultuous state of the world
                    will not continue long. Yet I confess that every thing looks
                    gloomy – the moral &amp; physical world to me wear a blacker
                    aspect than the political. I see pestilence visiting the
                    only part of the civilized world to which we could else have
                    looked with hope,<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">Possibly a reference to the outbreak of yellow fever in
                        New York in 1803.</note> &amp; the same scourge seems to
                    be suspended over Europe. &amp; in this country which is the
                    strength &amp; heart of Europe &amp; of civilization, there
                    is a frightful depravity of the poor &amp; a more frightful
                    selfishness of the great which is not &amp; cannot come to
                    good. We are safe enough from France – but there is a poison
                    in our vitals.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> That poem upon poor young Emmet in the Iris
                    is mine.<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">Southey’s
                        poem ‘A Lamentation’ appeared in <title>The
                        Iris</title>, 12 November 1803. Its subject was the
                        United Irishman Robert Emmet (1778-1803;
                            <title>DNB</title>), executed on 20 September 1803
                        after an abortive attempt at revolution in Dublin on the
                        night of 23 July 1803.</note> I knew much of him by
                    means of an Irish acquaintance<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">Unidentified.</note> who was his bosom
                    friend. with a deadly error in his politics, which could
                    only be excusable in an Irishman, &amp; which none but an
                    Irishman could have made – he was yet an admirable young
                    man, of ardent genius, pure morals, &amp; martyr-like
                    intrepidity. In the rebellion of 1798 strict search was made
                    for him. he dug a hiding place under his fathers<note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">Robert Emmet (1729-1802), a
                        Dublin physician.</note> study. stored it with food,
                    light &amp; books. &amp; remained there secreted for six
                    weeks, stealing out at night for fresh air &amp; exercise,
                    till means for his embarkation were found. The lines are not
                    so good as they should have been from the temper in which
                    they were written. We had returnd from a very long walk when
                    we found the paper with his speech at the trial – my mind
                    was very much affected because I had talked very earnestly
                    with his friend two years ago upon the views of that party
                    &amp; the ruinous consequences. &amp; the lines were written
                    quite to disburthen my heart, &amp; with an agitation that
                    shook me like an ague fit. As for Ireland I know not what to
                    say – but I can tell you what Sheridan<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">Richard Brinsley Sheridan
                        (1751-1816; <title>DNB</title>), Irishman, playwright
                        and Whig politician. He defended the United Irishmen in
                        1798 and opposed the Act of Union in 1800. His private
                        life was notable for the number of his love
                        affairs.</note> did say, who scoundrel as he is in
                    private life is really an honest man in his political
                    conduct. He said to a newspaper Editor (&amp; <hi rend="ital">I know he said</hi> it) that we should lose
                    Ireland at last – &amp; he said it with tears in his eyes.
                    We shall not lose it yet – but good God! how do we keep it?
                    by main force &amp; amid continual conspiracies. Our
                    governors (I do not mean the royal family–) are good easy
                    men, who wish well to the country, &amp; would do all the
                    good they can – but they want intellect. in good times they
                    would be good ministers – twelve years ago they would have
                    been so. But the country is sick at heart – poisoned by the
                    cursed quacks who have undermined her constitution, &amp;
                    then good nurses with their simples cannot set her to
                    rights.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> I am in Emanuels<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">The reign of Manoel I (1469-1521, King of
                        Portugal 1495-1521) in Southey’s unfinished ‘History of
                        Portugal’.</note> reign, &amp; sailing down the Asiatic
                    stream. by going alway to the fountain head first, I find
                    &lt;myself&gt; on comparison with all after writers &amp;
                    compilers, in possession of many facts that lead to very
                    interesting corollaries which have been entirely overlooked.
                        Castanheda<note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">Fernao Lopes de Castanheda (c. 1500-1559),
                            <title>Historia do Descobrimento, e Conquista da
                            India pelos Portuguezas</title> (1554). Southey
                        owned two volumes of a 1797 eight-volume edition, no.
                        3187 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s library.</note>
                    is a mine of sterling ore. Joam de Barros<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">Joao de Barros (1496-1570)
                        and Diogo de Couto (c. 1542-1616), <title>Decadas da
                            Asia fos Feitos, que os Portuguezes Fizeram na
                            Conquista, e Descombrimento das Terras, e Mares do
                            Oriente</title> (1778-1788), no. 3180 in the sale
                        catalogue of Southey’s library.</note> made a varnished
                    tale &amp; so has run away with the fame for which his poor
                    contemporary expended his youth in research, &amp; toiled in
                    sickness &amp; poverty in his old age. I have a great
                    veneration for this good Portugueze – who could spend his
                    time in India in collecting materials for a history – which
                    delights me &lt;here&gt; at <ref target="places.html#Keswick">Keswick </ref>
<del rend="strikethrough"> xxx</del> &amp; instructs me
                    after so long a lapse of years. Twould do me good were I a
                    Catholic to send him Ave Marias by the dozen for his
                    Purgatory score.<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">Send him prayers to reduce his years in purgatory,
                        according to Catholic doctrine.</note>
</p>
<closer>
<salute rend="indent1"> God bless you.</salute>
<signed rend="indent2"> RS. </signed>
<lb/>
<date when="1803-11-15">Tuesday night. </date>
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