<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title type="main">The Collected Letters of Robert Southey. Part 2: 1798-1803 </title>
<title type="subordinate">A Romantic Circles Electronic Edition</title>
<author>
<name>Southey, Robert, 1774-1843</name>
</author>
<editor>Lynda Pratt</editor>
<sponsor>Romantic Circles</sponsor>
<respStmt>
<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Neil Fraistat</name>
</respStmt>
<respStmt>
<resp>General Editor, </resp>
<name>Steven E. Jones</name>
</respStmt>
<respStmt>
<resp>Technical Editor</resp>
<name>Laura Mandell</name>
</respStmt>
</titleStmt>
<editionStmt>
<edition>
<date>2011-08-15</date>
</edition>
</editionStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="nines">rce862</idno>
<idno type="edition">letterEEd.26.853</idno>
<publisher>Romantic Circles, http://www.rc.umd.edu, University of Maryland</publisher>
<pubPlace>College Park, MD</pubPlace>
<date when="2011-08-15">August 15, 2011</date>
<availability status="restricted">
<p>Material from the Romantic Circles Website may not be downloaded, reproduced or disseminated in any
												manner without authorization unless it is for purposes of criticism, comment, news reporting,
												teaching, and/or classroom use as provided by the Copyright Act of 1976, as amended.</p>
<p>Unless otherwise noted, all Pages and Resources mounted on Romantic Circles are copyrighted by the
												author/editor and may be shared only in accordance with the Fair Use provisions of U.S. copyright law.
												Except as expressly permitted by this statement, redistribution or republication in any medium
												requires express prior written consent from the author/editors and advance notification of Romantic
												Circles. Any requests for authorization should be forwarded to Romantic Circles:&gt;
												<address>
<addrLine>Romantic Circles</addrLine>
<addrLine>c/o Professor Neil Fraistat</addrLine>
<addrLine>Department of English</addrLine>
<addrLine>University of Maryland</addrLine>
<addrLine>College Park, MD 20742</addrLine>
<addrLine>fraistat@umd.edu</addrLine>
</address>
</p>
<p>By their use of these texts and images, users agree to the following conditions: <list>
<item>These texts and images may not be used for any commercial purpose without prior written
														permission from Romantic Circles.</item>
<item>These texts and images may not be re-distributed in any forms other than their current
														ones.</item>
</list>
</p>
<p>Users are not permitted to download these texts and images in order to mount them on their own servers.
												It is not in our interest or that of our users to have uncontrolled subsets of our holdings available
												elsewhere on the Internet. We make corrections and additions to our edited resources on a continual
												basis, and we want the most current text to be the only one generally available to all Internet users.
												Institutions can, of course, make a link to the copies at Romantic Circles, subject to our conditions
												of use.</p>
</availability>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<p>Huntington Library, RS
                        44.  Previously  published: Charles Cuthbert Southey (ed.), Life and
                            Correspondence of Robert Southey, 6 vols (London, 1849-1850),
                        II, pp. 234-236 [in part].</p>
<p>These letters were edited with the assistance of Carol Bolton, Tim Fulford and Ian Packer</p>
<p>For permission to publish the text of MSS in their possession, the editor wishes to thank the Beinecke Rare
											Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University; Berg Collection of English and American Literature, The New
											York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; the Bodleian Library Oxford University; the
											British Library; Boston Public Library; the Syndics of Cambridge University Library; the Syndics of the
											Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge; Haverford College, Connecticut; the Historical Society of Pennsylvania; the
											Hornby Library, Liverpool Libraries and Information Services; the Houghton Library, Harvard University;
											the John Rylands Library, Manchester; the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas; Luton
											Museum (Bedfordshire County Council); Massachusetts Historical Society; McGill University Library; the
											National Library of Scotland; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the New York Public Library (Pforzheimer
											Collections); the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York; the Public Record Offices of Bedford, Suffolk (Bury
											St Edmunds) and Northumberland, the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge; the Society of
											Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne; the Trustees of the William Salt Library, Stafford, the Wisbech and
											Fenland Museum; the University of Virginia Library.</p>
<p>A research grant from the British Academy made much of the archival work possible, as did support from the
											English Department of Nottingham Trent University.</p>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc>
<editorialDecl>
<quotation>
<p>All quotation marks and apostrophes have been changed: " for “," for ”, ' for ‘, and ' for ’.</p>
</quotation>
<hyphenation eol="none">
<p>Any dashes occurring in line breaks have been removed.</p>
<p>Because of web browser variability, all hyphens have been typed on the U.S. keyboard.</p>
<p>Dashes have been rendered as a variable number of hyphens to give a more exact rendering of their
												length.</p>
</hyphenation>
<normalization method="markup">
<p>Southey's spelling has not been regularized.</p>
<p>Writing in other hands appearing on these manuscripts has been indicated as such, the content recorded
												in brackets.</p>
</normalization>
<normalization>
<p>&amp; has been used for the ampersand sign.</p>
<p>£ has been used for £, the pound sign</p>
<p>All other characters, those with accents, non-breaking spaces, etc., have been encoded in HTML entity
												decimals.</p>
</normalization>
</editorialDecl>
<classDecl>
<taxonomy corresp="http://www.performantsoftware.com/nines_wiki/index.php/Submitting_RDF#.3Cnines:genre.3E" xml:id="g">
<bibl>NINES categories for Genre and Material Form at
												http://www.performantsoftware.com/nines_wiki/index.php/Submitting_RDF#.3Cnines:genre.3E on
												2009-02-26</bibl>
<category xml:id="g1">
<catDesc>Architecture</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g2">
<catDesc>Artifacts</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g3">
<catDesc>Bibliography</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g4">
<catDesc>Collection</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g5">
<catDesc>Criticism</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g7">
<catDesc>Letters</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g6">
<catDesc>Drama</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g8">
<catDesc>Life Writing</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g9">
<catDesc>Politics</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g10">
<catDesc>Folklore</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g11">
<catDesc>Ephemera</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g12">
<catDesc>Fiction</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g13">
<catDesc>History</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g14">
<catDesc>Leisure</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g15">
<catDesc>Manuscript</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g16">
<catDesc>Reference Works</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g17">
<catDesc>Humor</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g18">
<catDesc>Education</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g19">
<catDesc>Music</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g20">
<catDesc>nonfiction</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g21">
<catDesc>Paratext</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g22">
<catDesc>Perodical</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g23">
<catDesc>Philosphy</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g24">
<catDesc>Photograph</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g25">
<catDesc>Citation</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g26">
<catDesc>Family Life</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g27">
<catDesc>Poetry</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g28">
<catDesc>Religion</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g29">
<catDesc>Review</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g30">
<catDesc>Visual Art</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g31">
<catDesc>Translation</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g32">
<catDesc>Travel</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g33">
<catDesc>Book History</catDesc>
</category>
<category xml:id="g34">
<catDesc>Law</catDesc>
</category>
</taxonomy>
<taxonomy corresp="http://www.rc.umd.edu/southey_letters/people.xml">
<category xml:id="people">
<catDesc>Southey Letters: Biographies</catDesc>
</category>
</taxonomy>
<taxonomy corresp="http://www.rc.umd.edu/southey_letters/places.xml">
<category xml:id="places">
<catDesc>Southey Letters: Places</catDesc>
</category>
</taxonomy>
</classDecl>
</encodingDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<catRef scheme="#genre" target="#g7 #g27"/>
<catRef scheme="#people" target="./people.html"/>
<catRef scheme="#places" target="./places.html"/>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
<revisionDesc>
<change who="#LM" when="2011-08-15" n="4">
<label>Changed by</label>
<name>Laura Mandell</name>
<list>
<item>XSLT Transforming after latest corrections</item>
</list>
</change>
<change who="#LM" when="2011-07-06" n="3">
<label>Changed by</label>
<name xml:id="LM">Laura Mandell</name>
<list>
<item>XSLT Transforming</item>
</list>
</change>
<change who="#AB" when="2011-03-20" n="2">
<label>Changed by</label>
<name>Averill Buchanan</name>
<list>
<item>corrections from proofing</item>
</list>
</change>
<change who="#AB" when="2011-02-21" n="1">
<label>Changed by</label>
<name xml:id="AB">Averill Buchanan</name>
<list>
<item>Part II added</item>
</list>
</change>
</revisionDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<div n="853" type="letter">
<head>853. Robert Southey to <ref target="people.html#RickmanJohn">John
                        Rickman</ref>, <date when="1803-11-18">18 November 1803</date>
<note place="foot" resp="editors" type="headnote">Address: To/ John Rickman Esq<hi rend="sup">r</hi> / S<hi rend="sup">t</hi> Stephens Court/ New Palace
                        Yard/ Westminster/ Single<lb/>Postmark: 3 [upside down]/ NOV 21/
                        1803<lb/>Endorsement: RS/ Nov. 18./ 1803<lb/>MS: Huntington Library, RS
                        44<lb/>Previously published: Charles Cuthbert Southey (ed.), <title>Life and
                            Correspondence of Robert Southey</title>, 6 vols (London, 1849-1850),
                        II, pp. 234-236 [in part].</note>
</head>
<opener>
<salute>Dear Rickman</salute>
</opener>
<p rend="indent1"> I am manufacturing a piece of Paternoster-Row-goods,<note n="1" place="foot" resp="editors">Paternoster Row, near St Paul’s Cathedral, was
                        well-known for its booksellers and publishers, including Longman and Rees,
                        Southey’s publishers.</note> value three guineas out of <ref target="people.html#BurneyJames">Captain Burneys</ref> book.<note n="2" place="foot" resp="editors">James Burney, <title>A Chronological History of
                            the Voyages and Discoveries in the South Sea or Pacific Ocean</title>
                        (1803). Southey reviewed the book in <title>Annual Review for 1803</title>,
                        2 (1804), 3-12.</note> &amp; not very easy work, it being always more
                    difficult to dilate praise than censure – however by help of Barros<note n="3" place="foot" resp="editors">Joao de Barros (1496-1570) and Diogo de Couto
                        (c. 1542-1616), <title>Decadas da Asia fos Feitos, que os Portuguezes
                            Fizeram na Conquista, e Descombrimento das Terras, e Mares do
                            Oriente</title> (1778-1788), no. 3180 in the sale catalogue of Southey’s
                        library.</note> I have been able to collate accounts with him in the great
                    voyage of Magalhaens<note n="4" place="foot" resp="editors">Ferdinand Magellan
                        (c. 1480-1521), commander of the first European expedition to enter the
                        Pacific from the Atlantic and the first to cross the Pacific.</note> (for he
                    has misnamed him) &amp; so to eke out my pages by additions. About the other
                    worthy Sir Francis<note n="5" place="foot" resp="editors">Sir Francis Drake (c.
                        1540-1596; <title>DNB</title>), explorer and sailor. The ‘other worthy Sir
                        Francis’ may have been Sir Francis Burdett (1770-1844; <title>DNB</title>),
                        radical MP.</note> I have invented a quaint rhyme which I shall insert as
                    antient, &amp; modestly wonder that as the author has a genuine love for all
                    quaint things it should have escaped his researches–</p>
<lg type="stanza">
<l rend="indent3"> Oh Nature to old England still</l>
<l rend="indent4"> Continue these mistakes!</l>
<l rend="indent3"> Give us for our Kings such Queens<note n="6" place="foot" resp="editors">Elizabeth I (1533-1603; reigned 1558-1603;
                                <title>DNB</title>).</note>
</l>
<l rend="indent4"> And for our Dux such Drakes.</l>
</lg>
<p rend="indent1"> thank him in my name for his book. <ref target="people.html#HillHerbertUncle">my Uncle</ref> has sent for what he
                    desired from Madrid. does he want only what was published in 1788? if so <ref target="people.html#HillHerbertUncle">my Uncle</ref> will procure that
                    seperately &amp; keep the complete set himself.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> My history<note n="7" place="foot" resp="editors">Southey’s
                        unfinished ‘History of Portugal’.</note> goes on well – I am full sail in
                    the Asiatic channel &amp; have found out some odd things. The Christians of S<hi rend="sup">t</hi> Thomas<note n="8" place="foot" resp="editors">A group of
                        Christians in south-west India, whose origins date back before the 6th
                        century.</note> worshipped the Virgin Mary, which throws back that
                    superstition to an earlier date than is generally allowed it. The astrolabe, the
                    quadrant, the compass were found in the East. quomodo Diabolus?<note n="9" place="foot" resp="editors">‘How the Devil?’</note> Martin Behain<note n="10" place="foot" resp="editors">Martin Behaim (1459-1507), German
                        navigator and geographer.</note> invented the sea-astrolabe at Lisbon, by
                    express direction of Joam 2.<note n="11" place="foot" resp="editors">John II
                        (1455-1495, King of Portugal 1481-1495).</note> – &amp; behold within ten or
                    a dozen years Vasco da Gama finds it in India. They had gunpowder there,
                        espingards<note n="12" place="foot" resp="editors">The Portuguese word for
                        an early form of rifle.</note> (what shall I call these?) &amp; cannon, but
                    the Portugueze aver their success to the great superiority of their artillery.
                    in fact the main improvements in sea-artillery were invented by Joam 2. himself.
                    but the great intercourse between India &amp; the <del rend="strikethrough">Europe</del> old world is most remarkable. in the first voyage of Gama<note n="13" place="foot" resp="editors">Vasco de Gama (1460/1469-1524), commander
                        of the first European ships to sail directly from Europe to India, around
                        the Cape of Good Hope, 1497-1498.</note> he met with a Moor of Fez. a
                        Moor<note n="14" place="foot" resp="editors">Southey inserts note: + The
                        first Portugueze who landed at Calicut was led to the house of this man. who
                        looked at him – knew the cut of his gib, &amp; explained in good Spanish the
                        Devil take thee what brought thee here?</note> of Tunis – a <hi rend="ital">Venetian</hi>, &amp; a Polish Jew. The world was not so ignorant as has
                    been supposed, individuals possess knowledge which there was no motive for
                    communicating – no sooner was it known that K Joam 2 would reward people for
                    intelligence respecting the East, than two of his own Jew subjects came &amp;
                    told him they had been there. the commercial spirit of the Moors is truly
                    astonishing – Dutchmen or East India Directors could not be more jealous of
                    their monopolies. the little kingdoms which Gama found resemble Homers
                        Phocæa.<note n="15" place="foot" resp="editors">An ancient Greek city on the
                        west coast of Anatolia, famous for its inhabitants’ long sea voyages and
                        widespread trade network.</note> Every city had its monarch, &amp; he was
                    the great merchant, – his brothers were captains of ships. – Spice – spice was
                    what the Europeans wanted – &amp; for what could they require it in such
                    quantities &amp; at such a cost? spiced wines go but a little way in answering
                    this. The Hindoos too wanted coral from the Portugueze – odd fellows when it
                    grows in their own seas. I believe the Portugueze conquests to have been the
                    chief cause that barbarized the Mohammedans; their spreading commerce would else
                    have raised up a commercial interest, out of which an enlightened policy might
                    have grown. The Koran was a master piece of policy, attributing sanctity to its
                    language – Arabic thus became a sort of free-masons passport for every believer
                    – a bond of fraternity.</p>
<p rend="center">_____________</p>
<p rend="indent1"> Has <ref target="people.html#BiddlecombeCharles">Biddlecombe</ref> ever forwarded the remainder of my chattels from <ref target="places.html#Burton">Burton</ref>, as I desired him immediately on my
                    return from London? my own views are very unsettled &amp; must be a good deal
                    influenced by the fate of Portugal. if <ref target="people.html#HillHerbertUncle">my Uncle</ref> be driven to England,
                    his fixing will give me a local preference. else if the climate do not nip me I
                    am well where I am, &amp; having tried it shall remove my books here &amp; look
                    out for a freehold in the <del rend="strikethrough">chur</del> parish church
                    yard.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> What news of <ref target="people.html#DyerGeorge">George I</ref>
                    &amp; <ref target="people.html#BurnettGeorge">George II</ref>? which puts me in
                    mind of the third person of that Trinity<note n="16" place="foot" resp="editors">In the Southey-Rickman correspondence, the first two George’s were Dyer and
                        Burnett. The identity of the third George is unclear. One possibility is
                        Southey’s brother-in-law George Fricker.</note> – &amp; that Milton has
                    devised a name expressive of the present government of Great Britain &amp; the
                    only word that can express it – a Duncery.<note n="17" place="foot" resp="editors">John Milton (1608-1674; <title>DNB</title>), <title>Reason of
                            Church-Government urg’d against Prelaty</title> (London, 1642), p.
                        40.</note> it suits both houses – not to go farther. however God preserve us
                    from the old administration – any thing but that.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> Can you get over for me my things from <ref target="places.html#Dublin">Dublin</ref>? the Bruce<note n="18" place="foot" resp="editors">James Bruce (1730-1794; <title>DNB</title>), <title>Travels
                            to Discover the Source of the Nile, in 1768-73</title> (1790), no. 377
                        in the sale catalogue of Southey’s library.</note> you know is an Irish book
                    &amp; seizable, by our cursed custom house laws. I must [MS obscured] a good
                    thing of my friend Solomon.<note n="19" place="foot" resp="editors">Samuel
                        Solomon (1768/9-1819; <title>DNB</title>), manufacturer and promoter of the
                        best-selling quack medicine ‘Cordial Balm of Gilead’. Southey met him on the
                        boat to <ref target="places.html#Dublin">Dublin</ref> in 1802.</note> he
                    entered a large cargo of Balm of Gilead for exportation at 7&lt;s&gt;–6 per
                    bottle – the Custom House Officer said he sold it for 10–6 – &amp; was
                    underrating it to defraud the revenue – he should therefore sieze it. Do as you
                    please – quoth the Doctor – I shall enter it at 7&lt;s&gt;–6 – accordingly the
                    man detained it, paying by law the price <del rend="strikethrough">xxx</del> at
                    which it was entered – whereby Solomon got the money &amp; the Officer remained
                    with a stock in hand of Balm of Gilead for sale.</p>
<p rend="indent1"> My brother <ref target="people.html#SoutheyHenryHerbert">Harry</ref> is just gone to Edinburgh to begin the preliminaries of
                    Doctorification. if I had any business with the Press I should probably remove
                    there for the sake of seeing him &amp; the finest city in the British
                    dominions.</p>
<closer>
<salute>God bless you.</salute>
<date when="1803-11-18">Friday. Nov. 18. 1803.</date>
</closer>
</div>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
